Observe the inconsistency in the conventional nomenclature for glycolysis metabolites:

Abbreviation Metabolite GLC Glucose G6P Glucose-6-phosphate F6P Fructose-6-phosphate F1,6BP Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate DHAP Dihydroxyacetone-3-phosphate G3P Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 1,3BPG 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate 3PG 3-Phosphoglycerate 2PG 2-Phosphoglycerate PEP Phosphoenolpyruvate PYR Pyruvate

I think that they put phosphate in evidence when the molecule becomes a phosphate donor, similar to creatine (phosphocreatine, which is creatine phosphate), but to relegate the core is confusing, and it's worse without bolding.

Standardizing against the norm makes it easier to grasp:

Abbreviation Metabolite GLC Glucose G6P Glucose 6-phosphate F6P Fructose 6-phosphate F1,6BP Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate DHAP Dihydroxyacetone 3-phosphate G3P Glyceral 3-phosphate 1,3BPG Glyceral 1,3-bisphosphate 3PG Glycerate 3-phosphate 2PG Glycerate 2-phosphate PEP Pyruvate Enol-phosphate PYR Pyruvate

The numbers next to phosphate indicate the carbon position where phosphates are attached to the molecule.

For a molecule with 6 carbons, we can infer that a '6-phosphate' is a a phosphate attached to one extremity. When we get '1,6-bisphosphate', the molecule contains phosphates on both extremities.

In working with split molecules of 3 carbons, the same approach applies.

Prefixes:

Bis- and tris-: separate (example: P-Molecule-P) Di- and tri-: in sequence (example: Molecule-PP)

High-energy phosphate | Wikipedia

"Often, high-energy phosphate bonds are denoted by the character '~'. In this "squiggle" notation, ATP becomes A-P~P~P. The squiggle notation was invented by Fritz Albert Lipmann, who first proposed ATP as the main energy transfer molecule of the cell, in 1941. Lipmann's notation emphasizes the special nature of these bonds. Stryer states:

ATP is often called a high energy compound and its phosphoanhydride bonds are referred to as high-energy bonds. There is nothing special about the bonds themselves. They are high-energy bonds in the sense that free energy is released when they are hydrolyzed, for the reasons given above. Lipmann's term "high-energy bond" and his symbol ~P (squiggle P) for a compound having a high phosphate group transfer potential are vivid, concise, and useful notations. In fact Lipmann's squiggle did much to stimulate interest in bioenergetics."

Number of carbons Saccharide (-ose*) 6 Hexose 5 Pentose 4 Tetrose 3 Triose 2 Diose 1 Monose

*As in Alberto's 'godnose'.

The upper part of the glycolysis list are the hexoses (until F1,6BP). After splitting (below F1,6BP), we get the trioses. A hexose or triose phosphate is self-explanatory.

When glucose (6-phosphate) is diverted from glycolysis for nucleotide synthesis, it undergoes oxidative decrapoxylation (losing a carbon), becoming a pentose. It gives name to the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (sometimes referred to as Hexose Monophosphate Shunt).