Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain
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There hasn't been much discussion about hypertension on the forum. The high blood pressure of hypertension is harmful to tissues throughout the body. Pressure damage directly damages tissue structure, disrupts tissue function, and alters cell behaviors for the worse. It is particularly harmful to the brain, as brain tissue has only a limited capacity for regeneration following rupture of small blood vessels and consequent cell death. More subtly, increased pressure disrupts the normal operation of the blood-brain barrier that lines blood vessels passing through the brain. This allows leakage of inappropriate cells and molecules into the brain to provoke persistent inflammation, an important contribution to neurodegenerative conditions.
Hypertension increases the risk for cognitive impairment and promotes vascular and renal inflammation. We tested if immune cell infiltration occurs in the brain during hypertension and if it is associated with cognitive impairment. Male C57Bl/6 mice were administered angiotensin II or aldosterone as an experimental model of hypertension. This increased blood pressure and promoted blood-brain barrier dysfunction, leukocyte accumulation in the brain, and impairment of working memory.
When co-administered with angiotensin II, the antihypertensive medication hydralazine prevented the development of these changes. In a separate cohort of mice in which angiotensin II-induced changes were first established, intervention with hydralazine lowered blood pressure but did not reverse brain inflammation or cognitive impairment. Finally, angiotensin II infusion altered the transcriptomic profile of the whole brain, as well as specifically within the hippocampus, and co-treatment with hydralazine modulated these changes.
In conclusion, experimental hypertension leads to brain inflammation and was associated with impaired working memory. Cognitive impairment that develops during hypertension can be inhibited, but not readily reversed, by anti-hypertensive therapy.
Hypertension promotes neuroinflammation, brain injury and cognitive impairment (2025)
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Careful the angle you view it.
New understanding of circulatory blood flow and arterial blood pressure mechanisms
"Arterial blood pressure depends on arterial volume; indeed, it is the relationship between pressure and volume which defines arterial wall compliance. Arterial compliance is low relative to venous compliance, which determines the relatively smaller arterial volume. Changes in arterial volume result in changes in arterial blood pressure. So, making a modest shift in blood volume from veins to arteries, or arteries to veins, causes immediate pressure change, without a need for change in total blood volume."
The person who could assemble Ray's remarks concerning the body overshooting in adaptive responses to 'stress' here is a saint.
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@ThinPicking - Thanks for the link. I am not in full agreement with this study. It uses the phrase anti-hypertensive therapy as a euphorism for pharmaceutical intervention. The automous nervous system controls blood pressure and relying on pharmaceutical takes away some of your automony.
Dr. Peter Rogers has a good video about controling hyertension with lifestyle changes.
You can catch more flies with honey than vinegar. 👀
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@ThinPicking said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
The person who could assemble Ray's remarks concerning the body overshooting in adaptive responses to 'stress' here is a saint.
Here is link to Dr. Peat's thoughts on hypertension.
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@DavidPS said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
The automous nervous system controls blood pressure and relying on pharmaceutical takes away some of your automony.
I like it. Funny how it's all a bit metaphorical.
I mean gee. What if 'harmful immune cell infiltration of the brain' had behavioural consequences. And what if the autonomic nervous system is responsive to context in formation. Well.
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@ThinPicking said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
Careful the angle you view it.
New understanding of circulatory blood flow and arterial blood pressure mechanisms
"Arterial blood pressure depends on arterial volume; indeed, it is the relationship between pressure and volume which defines arterial wall compliance. Arterial compliance is low relative to venous compliance, which determines the relatively smaller arterial volume. Changes in arterial volume result in changes in arterial blood pressure. So, making a modest shift in blood volume from veins to arteries, or arteries to veins, causes immediate pressure change, without a need for change in total blood volume."
The person who could assemble Ray's remarks concerning the body overshooting in adaptive responses to 'stress' here is a saint.
Blood volume is related to blood pressure, as I glean from Peat's thoughts about salt and the effect that salt has on the osmolarity between plasma and interstitial fluids. I've come to understand this in terms of salt being useful in increasing osmolar pressure in the plasma, and with increased osmolar pressure, more water is attracted into plasma from interstitial fluids (or extracellular fluids that isn't plasma), this increasing. looks volume, plasma being a component of blood. The idea here is that, contrary to medical mainstream thought that more blood volume increases blood pressure, blood pressure being higher than normal is the result of lower blood volume, which causes the body to increase blood pressure to compensate for low er blood volume in order to allow full perfusion of the tissues and organs which rely on blood for nutrients as well as to carry out metabolic waste.
But it isn't a small matter of it's not a simple matter of more salt more blood volume. As to have more salt stay in the plasma, enough albumin has to be in the blood to retain salt, and with more salt retained, more water will be attracted to plasma from the interstitial fluids. This in turn will increase blood volume, and blood pressure won't need to be so high as blood volume is enough.
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@DavidPS said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
@ThinPicking - Thanks for the link. I am not in full agreement with this study. It uses the phrase anti-hypertensive therapy as a euphorism for pharmaceutical intervention. The automous nervous system controls blood pressure and relying on pharmaceutical takes away some of your automony.
Dr. Peter Rogers has a good video about controling hyertension with lifestyle changes.
Glad you're not in full agreement with the study. It is too mechanistic to think our blood vessels cannot handle higher blood pressure when the body is equipped with the flexibility and resilience of a sub-rubber hose that it has the mechanism built-in to increase blood pressure, so long as the blood vessels are naturally sturdy and not weakened by drugs such as statins that deprive the body of its own production of CoQ10.
As far as leakage goes, I think it's better to see it as an osmotic process rather than involving me hanical shear forces that cause fluids separated by the blood vessel wall to go from inside or outside the wall to the other side. When blood is deficient in albumin, it lacks the osmolarity to attract water from outside the blood vessel into the plasma. It may even have a low osmolarity that causes water to leave the plasma and "leak" into the space outside the blood vessels. The centrality of albumin's role is not well taken into account in modern Flexnerian Rothschildish modern medicine.
I know I have high blood pressure because my immune system keeps using up my albumin stores that my serum albumin doesn't reach the high 40s as albumin is used heavily as the chief ecf antioxidant in the presence of a persistent low grade infection together with heavy metal toxicity that constantly creates oxidative stress.
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@yerrag - Thanks for your thoughts on this matter. I am only a concerned specatator
You can catch more flies with honey than vinegar. 👀
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@DavidPS said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
I am only a concerned specatator
Aren't we all.
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@DavidPS said in Hypertension Allows Harmful Immune Cell Infiltration of the Brain:
@yerrag - Thanks for your thoughts on this matter. I am only a concerned specatator
Spectating is a wonderful thing in anything sickly. I hope I can join you in a growing crowd here.
