Random, interesting studies
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@Mauritio No weight loss, shooting yourself in the foot, so to speak IDK.
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@Wabi-sabi how much trehalose are you speaking of here?
Don't think youre gonna gain much weight from a few grams especially when it increases metabolism via uncoupling... -
@Mauritio Sorry I haven't tried it, are you thinking of trying, or have done so, experiments can be fun though
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@Wabi-sabi Im not sure how much other people take that's why im asking.
The first study I posted comes down to an HED of 20-30g , so still doable . If you're concerned about calories, you could replace it for the sugar in your milk or coffee.I took 3.5g today and it seemed to have a gut cleansing effect , sustained clean energy. Less brain fog.
Actually made me a bit hypoglycemic from what i felt like , probably the increase in metabolism. So taking it with a meal should help.
My face also looks better/younger. IIRC it's used in cosmetics because it has a filling effect.
Not bad. -
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This is an old paper from the Mayo Clinic all the way back from 1929 which I find points out a good and fundamental understanding of the gastrointestinal peristalsis in contextual ways I've never read about before:
What has happened to the unobstructed bowel that fails to transport fluids & gas?
Abstract
The digestive tract is highly autonomous and the extrinsic nerves serve largely to prevent response to every stimulus. After vagotomy or splanchnicotomy peristalsis is often so active that the animal dies of inanition.
Normal aboral peristalsis appears to follow gradients of rhythmicity, irritability, latent period, metabolism, and muscular strength, running from duodenum to terminal ileum. These gradients might theoretically be reversed either by raising the irritability of the lower end of the gut or by depressing that of the upper end.
It may perhaps be stated as a law that irritation at any point in the bowel tends to slow the progress of material coming from the stomach toward it, and to hasten the progress of material moving caudad away from it. If the irritation is severe enough the result is an emptying of the digestive tract both ways from the lesion, with vomiting and diarrhea.
When, in rabbits, enough turpentine was injected into the tissues about the ileocecal sphincter to produce considerable injury, the animals suffered from diarrhea and the colon was emptied. The ileum was emptied aboral and food residues were held back in the duodenum. Peristaltic rushes were few; they were hard to start, and they were slowed and stopped in the lower bowel.
The whole bowel was unusually sensitive to faradic stimuli, and in most of the experiments the normal gradient in irritability from duodenum to ileum was reversed. With the increased irritability of the bowel the latent periods were shortened, and the fact that this change was more marked in the lower ileum than in the duodenum caused the normal gradient (in latent period) to be flattened.
Segments of gut excised from the injured animals and placed in warm aerated Locke's solution behaved normally, showing that the failure of the bowel to pass onward its contents was not due to injury to the muscle.
Chemical injury to the ileocecal region in animals with vagi and splanchnics cut and much of the conducting system in the bowel degenerated still produced backpressure in the small bowel and marked slowing of rush waves. This suggests that the flattening of gradients had something to do with the failure of conduction.
Essentially, external nervous system control, meaning from outside the GI nervous network, keeps the GI nervous activity in check. Without that external control by the vagus or splanchic nerve or with local inflammation, the intestinal nervous system goes into overdrive and also haywire with backwards pressure and amotility from that region upwards. Emptying itself both ways.
In other words:
Nausea and vomiting, severe lack of motility in the stomach and duodenum with inability to move fluids therein forwards
combined with diarrhea and nervous overmotility down the other end in the case of localized inflammation or complete haywire and topsy-turvy unproductive peristalsis in general conditions.
A lack of normal "rush waves". Incomplete rush waves could be stimulated by feeding water or giving food (if there's no vomiting).
I.e. there's incomplete and badly controlled bowel movement and emptying as a response to drinking or eating.
With functioning GI nervous conductivity there's the type of "IocaI swaying movements or rhythmic segmentations which serve to knead the intestinal contents and to mix the food with the digestive juices",
but in presence of inflammation or lack of vagal control what is crucially missing is the type of "peristaItic rushes which sometimes run from the stomach to the anus, carrying more or Iess material before them". In absence of such rush waves the authors describe the bowel transit of fluids aptly as "seepage". That's probably the part where one needs to be physically active, running and jumping around like a dog to keep your foods "seeping" along; if one's BMs and digestion suffer by lack of physical activity should therefore be an indicator, I reckon.
I'm still reading through the whole paper."Their studies show that just as in the heart, so in the bowel, waves begin in the region of highest rhythmicity and run to the region of Iowest rhythmicity.3
If these graded differences account for the direction taken by peristaItic waves, it foIIows that if the metaboIic rate and the irritabiIity of the iIeum were to be raised in any way, as by the presence of inflammation, the gradient of forces might be so flattened or reversed that the bowel wouId transport material caudad no better than it ordinariIy transports it orad."
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@CrumblingCookie they don't make studies like this anymore...
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Some interesting stuff on pentoxifylline
-" PTX completely restored bone mass, bone strength and bone mineral properties by an anabolic mechanism. PTX has the potential to become an oral osteogenic drug for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis."
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30858147/-
https://lowtoxinforum.com/threads/some-pentoxifylline-studies.10437/post-345653
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https://www.reddit.com/r/Nootropics/comments/1k6l3u7/pentoxifylline_makes_me_intelligent_again/
Ray Peat:
"The use of nitric oxide for treating pulmonary
hypertension is deflecting interest from generally
safe substances, such as magnesium, oxybutyrate,
pentoxifylline, progesterone, DHEA, testosterone,
and thyroid hormone, and directing attention
away from the various factors that cause the
pulmonary hypertension of adults as well as
newborns. ""Although caffeine, if it’s combined with hypoglycemia and stress, will increase lipolysis and free fatty acids, several of the methylxanthines, including caffeine, theophylline, and pentoxifylline, can protect against capillary leakage, probably by a variety of antiinflammatory actions, including inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis (Bereta, et al., 1994).”
