Batteries used to heal bone fractures in people
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7.5v battery placed at the bone healed a fracture in a woman
https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/citation/1971/10000/healing_of_nonunion_of_the_medial_malleolus_by.10.aspx
the cathode negative electrode is used at the site not the anode positive electrode (opposite effect) positive is placed away at skin
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9508132/
even a low voltage worked and using micro-amps + used fixed with a brace (i guess the screws went into the bone). Magnets show some effects too.
0.7–1.3 V so basically an AA battery but with a current of 40 μA (mili amps can damage skin so would be best for the area to be kept dry) , and using non irritating electrode metal probably titanium),
30% healing speed increase
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/304401/
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placing opposite ends of leg skin and using mili amps with a gel didnt work , 15 hours a day 3v to 6v at 5 to 10ma and it might have mildly delayed healing generally but for the severe cases maybe some mild effect the more severe tibial stressfractures treated with an active device healed" substan-tially" faster (24.5 days) {vs 27 days?} than did similar grade fractures treated with placebo
(i wonder what would happen if you put cathode on the bone at skin where the fracture is, and anode to the back under calf. did they put cathode on the bone specifically at the fracture site and anode on the muscle? also wonder if works broadly if you use micro amps) also might be best suited for non fusing , e.g can stay unfused for months years even In Colombia, up to 25% of femoral fractures do not heal after six months of treatment
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skin surface way is capacitive coupling https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8200888/ this showed effect i dont have the info on their approach rn. non fusing fractures for 11+ months 6/10 fused vs 0
The non-union healed in six of the ten patients who had been managed actively but in none of the patients who had been managed with the placebo unit.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Capacitively-coupled-electrical-stimulation-results-Abeed-Naseer/bc78f0db97ce86d9fc64d5487b91cee839744c8d
11 of non unions unified by 15 weeks applied through steel plates on the skin - healed if the plates were within 8cm of each other The only significant factor determining the success of healing was the distance between the plates; a distance of eighty millimeters or less resulted in healing in all cases
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8458140/partial limb regeneration https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4683620/
