Random, interesting studies
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I oversimplified haha, in “degree of dysfunction” I include the type of dysfunction, since I think everything that is healthy works in the same way but at different levels of complexity.
I don't know if I would consider that it conflicted with the study (I'm commenting based on what you said, I haven't read it yet), unless I only considered protein intake as a variable. If I put age in context the level of protein has a different effect, in a young person you would have a lot of protein in an environment with a lot more hormones (such as IGF-1, since you mentioned the cancer issue) but this would not happen with someone old since the hormonal environment is different, if high protein helps fight something simple like sarcopenia in old age then it would be enough to see a protective effect, since a healthy amount of muscle helps preserve independence and the ability to live normally and not locked up without being able to do anything without someone along.
The minimum of methionine, tryptophan, cysteine that a young person needs is probably higher than an elderly person in a general context, but consuming above a level should cause other problems that you wouldn't see in an elderly person because the general context is different. Maybe in the future high/low protein will take on a secondary role and amino acid composition will get more attention, because I doubt that high protein is in a context of high collagen, for example haha
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@random I saw a boomer who uses used plastic and ink political voting signs for racks in his bee hives lololol
and once I found a plastic string inside a honeycomb, and also I found out they keep the hives under an airplane landing path next to the airport loloollol -
UNCOUPLING/DNP
Giving young mice a microdose of 1mg DNP had some interesting effects on their health. Thats an insanely low dose. While I'm usually cautious with DNP, this dose seems safe.
(1mg= HED, not sure if i calculated the dosage right)Benefits:
- Lowered weight gain
- Strongly increased oxygen consumption, especially in brain
- Strongly decreased free radicals concentration (hydrogen peroxide)
- Increases life span by about 7%
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505478/
Here is a great review on microdose DNP (HED of 0.5-20mg). And some interesting excerpts from it:
They tested DNP for neuroprotective effects and as in the study above the microdose was the most effective. It wan an HED of about 6mg, but as they increased the dose it became less effective.
"..dosed 6-month old aged C57bl/6 mice for 7-days at 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg (HED 2–45 mg/day) and then the cortex was measured for changes in BDNF expression. Interestingly, BDNF was induced ~2.5× in the cerebral cortex at 1 mg/kg, but in a hormetic-like fashion, in that, the peak dropped going from 5 to 10 mg/kg, suggesting “less is more..."
Next, I want to clarify the myth that uncoupling is bad because it lowers ATP and damages the electrons transport chain somehow.
There is a drop in ATP, but it's likely transient and almost certainly not drastic. Uncoupling leads to mitophagy and increased ETC speed, leading to more not less ATP production .Some quotes:
"...at 3-days of dosing rats with DNP at 16 mg/kg (HED of 150 mg/day) there was no measurable change in intrahepatic ATP content (ATP pool)...""... might selectively push those already marginally functioning mitochondria into mitophagy to shift the global mitochondrial population towards better functioning high ATP producers and lower ROS producers..."
"It is essential to note, that mitochondrial chemical uncouplers are not inhibitors of the electron transport system, but enhancers [2]."
"..3-days of mitochondrial uncoupling, induced by low concentrations of dinitrophenol (10 and 50 μM) in cultured human HepG2 cells, that there is an adaptive effect in that DNP towards oxidative metabolism, with an upregulation of COXIV and ANT3 gene expression, two nuclear genes that encode mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation [49]"
"So collectively, it is possible that the net outcome is a higher ATP pool through more efficient mitochondrial functioning under chronic DNP treatment, than could previously be generated without the uncoupler."
Low oxidate stress is a sign of longevity . And uncoupling is a very effective approach at preventing oxidative stress, before it even happens.
"While antioxidants attempt to neutralize ROSs after they have been made [33,34], uncouplers actually prevent overt ROS production [35,36], a potentially more effective point of intervention."
The doses mentioned above might translate relatively well to humans since the mechanisms are highly evolutionary conserved.
"Rarely does a mouse efficacious dose curve translate perfectly well to humans, but since mitochondria are extremely well evolutionarily conserved from mouse to humans, and the effect is non-genomic (not relying on the conservation of a protein or receptor from mouse to human), then the prediction of translation is excellent relative to other platforms."
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@TexugoDoMel Yes, all fair points.
I was thinking along similar lines. The benefits of high protein, must somehow outweigh its downsides in old age. I think immunity and avoiding sarcopenia are two likely candidates for those benefits.
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@Mauritio said in Random, interesting studies:
Anybody tried bees bread ?
In this study it did wonders for steroid health.
They gave mice on a HFD about 5-7g(HED) of bees bread and it completely rescued the levels of their steroidogenic enzymes.
Not only that, in many cases, giving them bees bread, increased the values above the normal control group.Testosterone was increased by about 60% above control levels.
StaR mRNA levels doubled !
Unfortunately estrogen was increased as well, but only to the level of the control group not above that.
I was wondering where the strong androgenic effect from this study was coming from, it seemed hard to believe that it was only from an antioxidant effect.
I think I found the answer.
IL-10 has been shown to be responsible for the 5-10x increase in Testosterone from L. Reuteri in animal studies.
https://bioenergetic.forum/topic/2188/l-reuteri/50?_=1747639248664And bee bread drastically increased Il-10 in this study.
Compared to the control group the mrna increased about 10x and compared to the obese high fat group probably 30x . So that might be part of the androgenic effect.
I took 2.5g yesterday and today my muscle look insanely full, also notice higher libido and drive.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8868291/#sec3-antioxidants-11-00255
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Butyrate increases SERT more than two fold and lowers expression of various serotonin receptors in this study.
Only in vitro but still another win for butyrate . -
Trehalose strongly increases thermogenesis in this study.
Mechnism: increase in FGF21 ,PPAR-a, UCP1 etc.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29996716/
It increases life span in worms:
"... extended the mean life span by over 30% without any side effects. Surprisingly, trehalose treatment starting even from the old-adult stage shortly thereafter retarded the age-associated decline in survivorship and extended the remaining life span by 60%."And healthspan as well:
"...trehalose increased the reproductive span and retarded the age-associated decrease in pharyngeal-pumping rate and the accumulation of lipofuscin autofluorescence. Trehalose also enhanced thermotolerance and reduced polyglutamine aggregation."
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20477758/"Trehalose attenuates testicular aging by activating autophagy and improving mitochondrial quality"
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39195433/It lowers lipogenesis in the liver and increases PPARa, AMPK and SIRT1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37581638/Ray Peat on trehalose:
From a GE episode:
Q: "And does the mushroom sugar, is it called trehalose? Does that contributes to the functioning of the organism?"
A: "Yeah, that’s a stabilizing thing that opposes endotoxin. There’s been good research showing that there seems to be a direct structural effect of trehalose defending the cytoplasm against the disorganizing. There’s been good research showing that there seems to be a direct structural effect of endotoxin. And that’s kind of a metaphor for everything that’s happening, stressful in the organism.
And trehalose is one of the stabilizers that the progesterone, cholesterol, lanosteroids are another level or type of stabilizer." -
@Mauritio If using for BAT activation then you would need to reduce Fructose and Sucrose........Seems difficult IDK
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@Wabi-sabi Why?
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@Mauritio No weight loss, shooting yourself in the foot, so to speak IDK.
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@Wabi-sabi how much trehalose are you speaking of here?
Don't think youre gonna gain much weight from a few grams especially when it increases metabolism via uncoupling... -
@Mauritio Sorry I haven't tried it, are you thinking of trying, or have done so, experiments can be fun though
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@Wabi-sabi Im not sure how much other people take that's why im asking.
The first study I posted comes down to an HED of 20-30g , so still doable . If you're concerned about calories, you could replace it for the sugar in your milk or coffee.I took 3.5g today and it seemed to have a gut cleansing effect , sustained clean energy. Less brain fog.
Actually made me a bit hypoglycemic from what i felt like , probably the increase in metabolism. So taking it with a meal should help.
My face also looks better/younger. IIRC it's used in cosmetics because it has a filling effect.
Not bad. -
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This is an old paper from the Mayo Clinic all the way back from 1929 which I find points out a good and fundamental understanding of the gastrointestinal peristalsis in contextual ways I've never read about before:
What has happened to the unobstructed bowel that fails to transport fluids & gas?
Abstract
The digestive tract is highly autonomous and the extrinsic nerves serve largely to prevent response to every stimulus. After vagotomy or splanchnicotomy peristalsis is often so active that the animal dies of inanition.
Normal aboral peristalsis appears to follow gradients of rhythmicity, irritability, latent period, metabolism, and muscular strength, running from duodenum to terminal ileum. These gradients might theoretically be reversed either by raising the irritability of the lower end of the gut or by depressing that of the upper end.
It may perhaps be stated as a law that irritation at any point in the bowel tends to slow the progress of material coming from the stomach toward it, and to hasten the progress of material moving caudad away from it. If the irritation is severe enough the result is an emptying of the digestive tract both ways from the lesion, with vomiting and diarrhea.
When, in rabbits, enough turpentine was injected into the tissues about the ileocecal sphincter to produce considerable injury, the animals suffered from diarrhea and the colon was emptied. The ileum was emptied aboral and food residues were held back in the duodenum. Peristaltic rushes were few; they were hard to start, and they were slowed and stopped in the lower bowel.
The whole bowel was unusually sensitive to faradic stimuli, and in most of the experiments the normal gradient in irritability from duodenum to ileum was reversed. With the increased irritability of the bowel the latent periods were shortened, and the fact that this change was more marked in the lower ileum than in the duodenum caused the normal gradient (in latent period) to be flattened.
Segments of gut excised from the injured animals and placed in warm aerated Locke's solution behaved normally, showing that the failure of the bowel to pass onward its contents was not due to injury to the muscle.
Chemical injury to the ileocecal region in animals with vagi and splanchnics cut and much of the conducting system in the bowel degenerated still produced backpressure in the small bowel and marked slowing of rush waves. This suggests that the flattening of gradients had something to do with the failure of conduction.
Essentially, external nervous system control, meaning from outside the GI nervous network, keeps the GI nervous activity in check. Without that external control by the vagus or splanchic nerve or with local inflammation, the intestinal nervous system goes into overdrive and also haywire with backwards pressure and amotility from that region upwards. Emptying itself both ways.
In other words:
Nausea and vomiting, severe lack of motility in the stomach and duodenum with inability to move fluids therein forwards
combined with diarrhea and nervous overmotility down the other end in the case of localized inflammation or complete haywire and topsy-turvy unproductive peristalsis in general conditions.
A lack of normal "rush waves". Incomplete rush waves could be stimulated by feeding water or giving food (if there's no vomiting).
I.e. there's incomplete and badly controlled bowel movement and emptying as a response to drinking or eating.
With functioning GI nervous conductivity there's the type of "IocaI swaying movements or rhythmic segmentations which serve to knead the intestinal contents and to mix the food with the digestive juices",
but in presence of inflammation or lack of vagal control what is crucially missing is the type of "peristaItic rushes which sometimes run from the stomach to the anus, carrying more or Iess material before them". In absence of such rush waves the authors describe the bowel transit of fluids aptly as "seepage". That's probably the part where one needs to be physically active, running and jumping around like a dog to keep your foods "seeping" along; if one's BMs and digestion suffer by lack of physical activity should therefore be an indicator, I reckon.
I'm still reading through the whole paper."Their studies show that just as in the heart, so in the bowel, waves begin in the region of highest rhythmicity and run to the region of Iowest rhythmicity.3
If these graded differences account for the direction taken by peristaItic waves, it foIIows that if the metaboIic rate and the irritabiIity of the iIeum were to be raised in any way, as by the presence of inflammation, the gradient of forces might be so flattened or reversed that the bowel wouId transport material caudad no better than it ordinariIy transports it orad."
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@CrumblingCookie they don't make studies like this anymore...
