Bile can serve as a reservoir for funghi, making them harder to treat
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I've long suspected that there is a connection between bile and fungal infections. I frequently experienced a bile dump and a fungal die off at the same time.
Now this study shows, that funghi can "hide" from anti-fungals in bile and in the gallbladder, making the bile serve as a reservoir for the fungus
This makes it even harder to treat the fungus, even when the treatment is finished and it is mostly eradicated it can quickly recolonize from the gallbladder."Fungi and bacteria can persist in the human gall bladder. Previous studies have shown that bile protects Candida albicans in this cryptic host niche from antifungals, providing a reservoir for intestinal re-colonization after discontinuation of antifungal therapy. "
Not only that, but "Bile and conjugated bile salts trap antifungals in micelles, thereby reducing their bioavailability and possibly promoting the development of drug resistance."
One thing that makes it even worse is PUFA, it increases the pro-fungal effect that bile has, while saturated fat has no such effect. Many SFAs even have anti-fungal effects such as caprylic acid.
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I'm not sure how the treatment should look.
Increasing transit speed and frequently emptying the gallbladder by eating fiber, using specific supplements like FXR-agonists, and continuing anti-fungal substances is what comes to mind.This study has an interesting hint: we need small and hydrophilic molecules for an anti-fungal effects that isn't reduced by bile.
"In contrast, small and hydrophilic molecules, such as cycloheximide, flucytosine, or sodium azide kept their antifungal properties. "
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28203228/Dare to think.
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This study comes to the same conclusion as the OP. The kidney serves as the main organ of candida infection, but viable fungal cells persisted in the gallbladder.
"... confirmed the kidney as the main target organ but additionally observed the translocation of C. albicans to the urinary bladder. The treatment of infected mice with caspofungin and fluconazole significantly improved the clinical outcome and clearance of C. albicans from the kidneys; however, unexpectedly, viable fungal cells persisted in the gall bladder. Fungi were secreted with bile and detected in the faeces, implicating the gall bladder as a reservoir for colonization by C. albicans after antifungal therapy. Bile extracts significantly decreased the susceptibility of C. albicans to various antifungals in vitro, thereby probably contributing to its persistence."
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There seems to be differences though.
Conjugated bile salts as their sodium salt are fungi-static .
In the OP study the bile but not conjugated bile salts conferred resistance to anti fungal therapy. So not sure if the sodium salts is necessary. But maybe increasing sodium intake would help? As sodium salts are formed in the gallbladder when sodium is there as well."Cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid as their sodium salts, were fungistatic to the growth of Candida albicans. "
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3323449/This study says the opposite though . That unconjugated bile salts are anti-fungal. Weird .
"While unconjugated bile salts were toxic to C. albicans, taurine, or glycine conjugated bile salts were well tolerated and protective."
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28203228/ -
In this study giving mice the bile acid taurocholic acid was enough to cause a Candida albicans infection.
The bile acid also reduced several bacteria. I think that's a other way through which bile acids increase susceptibility to Candida, since there is a delicate balance of bacteria and funghi in the gut keeping each other in check.
I think often it goes like this: people are sick with the flue (immonuspressed), get on an antibiotic (increasing funghi) and end up with a fungal infection.https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.29.462497v2.full
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@Mauritio said in Bile can serve as a reservoir for funghi, making them harder to treat:
we need small and hydrophilic molecules for an anti-fungal effect
Im looking for anti-fungal candidates that fit the above category:
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Boron (from food) /
Forms water soluble bonds with sugars and classified as small molecule .
Borax is also water soluble and small, so should work as well. -
MSM
Small molecule and highly water soluble , fits the bill.
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What about a water simili-fast of 4-5 days with a shake in which there is anti-fungal essential oil (EO).
Need some olive oil to avoid bile stasis in the duct.
These EO have to reach the second part of the colon.
Not a real fast as you provide basic trace elements (Mg, K, Na). We have to remain under 40-50 gr carbs if we wants to enhance lipolysis. Not obliged to do so but it’s easier in order not to feel hungry when taking some carbs. Sugar calls for sugar. An apple or an orange is OK.
Need fibers to lest LPS toxins and avoid constipation. Need some probiotics too, after the cure.Useful link (in French, translator needed)
https://mirzoune-ciboulette.forumactif.org/t2000-boisson-he-effets-recherches#29307
Objectives with the EO drink
Fluidify – Bring stale fuel in the circuit– Assist the MMC – Target all areas of the body – Amplify the effects – Adopt a diet including interesting bases and nutrients – Adequate fluid intake.
Note:- Intended to reach the strains remaining under the radar, hidden behind a biofilm.
- We don't deprive the strains of food, we ration them, and then we trap them. This will not kill them but will weaken their ability to resist. The immune system will be able to finish the job.
- Importance of butyrate for the microbiome and tight junction health.
=> akkermansia muciniphila (=> food for bacteria producing butyrate + SCFA)
Followed by ProBiota HistaminX from SeekingHealh *** - Magnesium helps to retain calcium and vitamin D and balance out potassium and sodium. I think magnesium is the most important mineral to supplement with if you are not eating a lot of vegetables or fruit.”
Commentaires from Haidut:
“Magnesium is only retained if there is sufficient ATP synthesis as magnesium is bound to ATP most of the time. However, in order to produce ATP properly, sufficient calcium is needed. So, maybe eat dairy and well-cooked leaves since this way you get both minerals?”
Magnesium modulates parathyroid hormone secretion and upregulates parathyroid receptor expression at moderately low calcium concentration
doi: 10.1093/ndt/gft400 2013
Edit: I've cured a histamine intolerance and a possible SIBO/SIFO with delayed caps of Essential oils. EO but not only.
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EGCG at slightly alkaline pH is effective against candida. maybe some sort of liposomal egcg that makes it into the bile would work
