Ursolic acid: anti-serotonin,anti-estrogen, pro-dopamine and more
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Ursolic acid
It is found in apple peels and there some supplement versions of it although they are still rare.
- Its derivatives are TPH-inhibitors, so it might be as well
2.It increases dopamine receptors D1 and D3 gene expression and enhances life span
- Again pro-dopamine and anti-depressive
- It boosts ATP 3-fold, increases muscle satellite cells
- It inhibits estrogen
- Pro-liver, pro-muscle. Increases UCP1
Dare to think.
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Your really loving apples lately
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I remember a long time ago Patrick Arnold was releasing this substance as a muscle building and fat burning supplement. There was some initial hype but after people tried it (for those effects) it never really went anywhere.
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@Jakeandpace said in Ursolic acid: anti-serotonin,anti-estrogen, pro-dopamine and more:
Your really loving apples lately
Theres a lot to love
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@Crypt-Keeper said in Ursolic acid: anti-serotonin,anti-estrogen, pro-dopamine and more:
I remember a long time ago Patrick Arnold was releasing this substance as a muscle building and fat burning supplement. There was some initial hype but after people tried it (for those effects) it never really went anywhere.
Interesting, I guess if people expected it to work like steroids and DNP, then you're setting yourself up for disappointment of course.
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@Mauritio interesting approach for bone loss . was recently looking into this one also actually . interesting that it said there in human receptors it had higher docking affinity than dopamine even (but need right balance as posted at bottom of this post)
igf-1 increase in vivo
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25352765/increased irisin there too mildly maybe +10% at 450mg, idk how significant that is for effects but:
a newly discovered hormone / peptide that has some effect on stimulating metabolism https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4549318/)(maybe a main molecule involved in thermogenesis from fat tissue)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37055896/Irisin is a thermogenic hormone that leads to causes energy expenditure by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT). This protein hormone that enables the conversion of white adipose tissue (WAT) to BAT is the irisin protein. This causes energy expenditure during conversion. WAT stores triglycerides and fatty acids and contains very few mitochondria. They also involve in the development of insulin resistance (IR).
WAT, which contains a very small amount of mitochondria, contributes to the formation of IR by storing triglycerides and fatty acids. WAT functions as endocrine tissue in the body, synthesizing various molecules such as leptin, ghrelin, NUCB2/nesfatin-1, and irisin along with fat storage.
BAT is quite effective in energy expenditure, unlike WAT. The number of mitochondria and lipid droplets composed of multicellular cells in BAT is much higher when compared to WAT.
BAT contains a protein called uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) in the mitochondrial membranes. This protein pumps protons from the intermembrane space toward the mitochondrial matrix. When UCP1 is activated, heat dissipation occurs while ATP synthesis does not occur, because UCP1 is a division protein. At the same time, BAT regulates body temperature in infants. Its effectiveness in adults became clear after the discovery of irisin.
The molecular mechanism of exercise, which increases calorie expenditure, became clear with the discovery of irisin. Thus, the isolation of irisin led to the clarification of metabolic events and fat metabolism.https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-021-00438-z
Using mouse models, the team showed that genetic deletion of irisin impairs cognitive function in exercise, aging, and Alzheimer’s disease, which was in part caused by alterations of newborn neurons in the hippocampus.
At the same time, the study found that elevating irisin levels in the bloodstream improved cognitive function and neuroinflammation in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease.“For the first time, we showed that soluble irisin, and not its full-length parent protein FNDC5, is sufficient to confer the benefits of exercise on cognitive function,” explained Wrann
What makes this study particularly strong is that we show irisin’s effect on cognitive function in not one but four different mouse models
Since irisin does not specifically target amyloid plaques, but rather neuroinflammation directly, we’re optimistic it could have beneficial effects on neurodegenerative diseases beyond just Alzheimer’s,ursolic good for inhibiting cancer growth https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cam4.4536
probably reduces cortisol a lot like many things (ok if high but tiring if poor adrenals)BUT some downsides i found:
in this study has toxic effect on blood vessels and damages DNA at certain dose, 12.5uM, (edit: not gonna hit this dose with regular doses if it was actually uM) in vivo using 10uM or 30uM of ursolic acid in water created worse plaque formation in arteries in a forming model. might be around 5mg per mouse so in the hundreds of milligrams heq possibly https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21703625/
unfortunately also a 5ar inhibitor,
inhibited DHT increase after administering Test here at low dose 5mg/kg orally in rats (also inhibited test increase. at similar levels to finasteride) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22266360/
(inhibited 5a-reductaste here at 10ug/ml in human cells (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7992555/ α-reductase activity was inhibited by ursolic acid, ecdcysteron, and ergosterol peroxide by 53.2%, 37.7%, and 35.0%, respectivelyBut dopaminergic effect happens at very low dose according to this model so may be able to avoid those effects by going very low (https://core.ac.uk/reader/82440820 0.1mg/kg orally in mice so <1mg human. going to (~5mg-7mg human) lost the effect. going by the TST. FS test just tested 10mg/kg and showed some mild effect (less than lower doses on other test)
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@Crypt-Keeper
yes
