@dapose Interesting. Good to know. Thank you.

@wester130 I forget the exact time period — maybe 7-10 years ago — there was a time when people were putting Retin-A on their scalps for potential hair growth. Retin-A is just what it sounds like, used by dermatologists to recondition skin. Back when I read about it, to my layman's mind, I assumed the Retin-A was just working similarly to salicylic acid, reconditioning the scalp, which was very popular in the hair loss community for a while; but maybe there was something to the vitamin A itself, not just the resurfacing. For what it's worth, I feel like food based vitamin A, via liver, is one of the best Peaty things yet for me. I definitively feel noticeably better on it, with no side effects. I've just been thinking about this recently, about attempting to consume more liver for more vitamin A. They say your body craves what it needs.

@Jennifer said in Cooking with Jennifer: It takes me only an hour to prep my meals for the week Wow — that is some Jedi cooking mastery there. I think I need to take on that even more efficient mindset. I think part of my problem is that I give my dad several options every night. Those options are from either fully or partially precooked meals; so, similar to what you're doing, but not at Jedi level. He pretends like he doesn't need the variety and options, but when I limit him some nights I can tell he doesn't like it. Maybe I should tell him this isn't Burger King, he doesn't get it his way. Which reminds me, I do make burgers and homemade fries one night a week. I'm going to attempt the addition of gelatin in the beef, to make it more Peaty. Homemade fries: now there's a time consuming task. Though, I do prep a lot of fries up front and freeze them for future meals. Funny, your scallops were the first meal I thought of with your cooking.  Good stuff.  And you mentioning quark has reminded me of my slightly distant, cooking past.  I guess I have done some more complex kitchen work, about 10+ years ago, when I made quark cheese from scratch.  But, I've never cooked on the scale and schedule I currently am.  It's not that bad, but it definitely takes time and energy. You get another wow, for your idyllic home and town setting. That sounds very nice.  Your dad is lucky to have you and that setting in his condition; and you're lucky you can get away from it all in that outdoor setting.  The cat droppings issue is for the soil in the garden beds, where their litter box would be the soft soil all around the growing vegetables.  I actually do have walled, compost bins — I said heaps out of habit: growing up we had heaps.  I think it would be quite a project to chicken wire garden beds, and still allow for easy access to them.  But I'm thinking that would be the only way to keep the cats out.  I've not heard of that German gardening technique — I'll have to look into it when I get a chance.  My first inclination is like your cooking — keep it as simple as I can get away with.  There is a no-dig garden method, which might be too simple, but worth considering. Haha...I wrote my chicken wire idea before I saw your creative suggestion to have my dad help me.  So, you're right on target and thinking correctly!  My dad actually fits the very old category, where all he could help me with is saying, "you're doing it wrong!", and then go sit back in his chair and wait for dinner.

@engineer thanks for the update . Let us know how it goes.

@sunsunsun said in Opinion on MSG?: but am wondering if I should also add MSG? Is MSG… le bad? Frequency is all. Need some taurine to equalize the excitatory effect. If the liver works fine, why not. But I'd take some species adapted for pasta (yeast-free and preservative-free). Here is a detailed answer: Monosodium glutamate is supposed to be « safe » when not too often / overloaded (max 2-3 g), except everyone doesn’t react on the same way. Glutamate is an excitatory substance for the brain. Glutamate is naturally present in many foods (e.g., tomatoes, cheese, manufactured food) and is produced by the body. We should add some taurine to calm down the whole thing. Explanation Glutamate is a necessary excitatory neurotransmitter, but when consumed in excess, it can overstimulate neurons, leading to neurotoxicity, calcium overload, and cellular damage. • Neuroprotection against Excitotoxicity: Taurine protects neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by reducing the accumulation of intracellular free calcium (Ca2+), which is a primary mechanism of cell damage. • Balancing Neurotransmitters: Taurine acts similarly to GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and glycine, functioning as an inhibitory modulator that blocks excess neuronal excitability caused by high levels of glutamate. • Preventing Mitochondrial Damage: Excess glutamate causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to cell death. Taurine stabilizes mitochondrial function, prevents the release of cytochrome C, and prevents apoptosis (programmed cell death). • Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects: Taurine serves as an antioxidant that reduces the free radicals produced by glutamate-induced oxidative stress. • Counteracting "MSG Syndrome": Research indicates that taurine can act as a protective substance against the hepatotoxic (liver-damaging) effects of MSG, making it a recommended additive in foods containing high levels of monosodium glutamate. Essentially, taurine acts as a natural buffer, calming the overstimulation of the nervous system and providing protection to cells. How adding some glutamate MSG with noodles once a day may overload the liver? Ammonia release: Detoxification Overload. MSG is 78% glutamic acid. When usual amounts of glutamic acid are ingested, they are converted to glutamine, releasing ammonium ions in the process. The liver is responsible for detoxifying these, neutralizing ROS species. Liver damage when overloaded: long-term exposure to MSG could increase liver damage markers in the blood, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Should be medically monitored with a blood test. NB: Every time I take some glutamine (¼ tsp) I take ¼ tsp taurine powder with 100 ml water (to optimize mucus from the stomach linen). Combining L-glutamine and taurine is a scientifically supported strategy for supporting gastrointestinal health, particularly for strengthening the intestinal barrier, increasing mucus production, and modulating inflammation (studies suggest that taurine can potentiate /enhance the beneficial effects of glutamine on gut barrier permeability and reduce macrophage inflammation). Timing: Taking these on an empty stomach is generally recommended to maximize absorption, as other amino acids can compete for uptake. NB: No Significant Phylum Change in Normal Intake: Studies monitoring human gut microbiota during a four-week period of moderate MSG consumption (e.g., 2g/day, which is within normal dietary ranges) did not show significant changes in the overall structure or phylum-level bacterial populations. Minor Genera Fluctuations: While the high-level phylum composition remains stable, some studies suggest that high, sustained consumption of MSG might slightly reduce beneficial bacteria (such as Bifidobacterium) and increase others (such as Collinsella or Bacteroides). Individual differences matter more: fibbers, polyphenols, meat, etc.

@ThinPicking yes - no glorifying violence or illegal behavior. Thank you.

@dapose it's getting so tiresome. Google/Alphabet/Youtube - all of the above worsened their search feature in order to sell more ad revenue which is why we're getting tons of recycled and promoted slop interspersed with "ads." But they also have a monopoly on search engines which is even more despicable.

[image: 1771001861351-606c18aa-4da1-45a6-b9fa-74c40c94e03a-image.png]

I'm going to end up with useful nutrients to protect lipid directly 1. Antioxidants That Protect Lipids Directly Vitamin E (tocopherols + tocotrienols) • Acts as the primary lipid-phase antioxidant, protecting membrane phospholipids from peroxidation. • Gamma-tocotrienols add stronger chain-breaking antioxidant activity in membranes. Dose: 400 IU mixed tocopherols (with gamma tocotrienols) 2–3×/week, or 20–25 mg/day. Note: More is not better; excess can disrupt redox balance. Beta-carotene (from food) • Quenches singlet oxygen and supports antioxidant recycling. • Best obtained from diet (carrots, sweet potatoes, leafy greens). Astaxanthin • A potent carotenoid that embeds across the lipid bilayer and protects both sides of the membrane from ROS. • Particularly effective in mitochondrial membranes. 2. Water-Soluble Antioxidants and Cofactors Vitamin C • Regenerates oxidized vitamin E. • Supports collagen, immune function, and general redox balance. Magnesium • Key mechanism: Magnesium inhibits PLA₂, the enzyme that releases arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipids. • Mg²⁺ stabilizes phospholipid bilayers, reduces Ca²⁺-dependent PLA₂ activation, and lowers eicosanoid production. Dose: 350–420 mg/day elemental magnesium. Form: Magnesium bisglycinate (≈2.5 g/day split into 2–3 doses to reach ~450 mg). Note: Higher needs after stress; do not “preload” before stress. Zinc • Protects thiol groups and stabilizes membrane proteins. • Inhibits NADPH oxidase–induced lipid peroxidation, reducing the arachidonic acid cascade. Dose: 10–15 mg/day. Mechanism: o ↓ membrane peroxidation o ↓ PLA₂ activation o ↓ free AA release o ↓ PGE₂ formation (independent of COX inhibition) Key references: • Prasad, Am J Clin Nutr, 2009 • Ho et al., Free Radic Biol Med, 2008 Selenium • Required for GPx4, the enzyme that repairs lipid hydroperoxides directly in membranes. • GPx4 is the only enzyme that can detoxify oxidized phospholipids inside the bilayer. Dose: 100 mcg 2–3×/week; more if inflammation is present. Note: Excess selenium causes fatigue and organ stress — more is not better. 3. Structural Lipid Support Phosphatidylcholine (PC) • The primary phospholipid of cell membranes. • Essential for maintaining bilayer structure, fluidity, and repair. • Supports ER–mitochondria lipid exchange, which is required for cardiolipin remodeling. Stearic Acid • A saturated fatty acid that “solidifies” and stabilizes membranes without promoting peroxidation. • Helps maintain the optimal balance between membrane fluidity and rigidity. Sources: Cocoa butter, dark chocolate, beef tallow. Why This Matters for Mitochondria • PC stabilizes the outer mitochondrial membrane and supports lipid trafficking. • PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) shapes the inner membrane and allows cardiolipin to organize respiratory complexes. • Cardiolipin anchors the electron transport chain and is extremely sensitive to oxidation. • GPx4, vitamin E, astaxanthin, zinc, and magnesium protect cardiolipin and PC from peroxidation and enzymatic degradation. • Stearic acid and low-PUFA intake prevent fragile, oxidation-prone lipids from entering mitochondrial membranes. Together, these nutrients maintain membrane integrity, mitochondrial efficiency, and resistance to oxidative stress.

@cyberpeater22 hi just to clarify you don’t like the taste of coffee… coffee is grown all over the world making different flavors, it’s handled in different ways and can make some rancid and taste terrible. If fresh it can be roasted in tons of different ways bringing out tons of different flavors, your water hard or sort can really change the flavor. How you brew it can really change the flavor, drip, French press, pour over, espresso, and a few others, there’s even some good instant coffees not that those are very Peaty, then of coarse there are things to add to the coffee once it’s brewed… milk cream heavy cream whipped cream sugar brown sugar maple syrup honey cinnamon clove etc… Some of these things I’ve mentioned above I loathe and some of them I can’t live without. I don’t like coffee and I love coffee could both come out of my mouth depending on these variables. Pu-erh tea is great too!

@user73636 said in A Thereotical combination for inhibition of warburg effect: Pyrroloquinoline quinone I quite like Pyrroloquinoline quinone, and it does make me ravenous.

Walking continuously for 15 minutes is actually a minimum amout of activity. According Dr, Mercola there are additonal benefits for liver fat reduction. this begins at about 20 to 25 minutes of moderate activity five days weekly, with the strongest efficiency gains occurring around 150 to 160 minutes per week. https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2026/02/12/optimal-exercise-dose-reducing-fatty-liver.aspx?ui=f75a5a937074cc5b2fe8c56ad7c8da4175c90f9af39afe799ad679ff096c9372&sd=20050420&cid_source=dnl&cid_medium=email&cid_content=art1HL&cid=20260212&foDate=false&mid=DM1883713&rid=500975687

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1k8craCGpgs

@LucH said in Toward a Better Understanding of Reactive Oxygen Species: @Amazoniac said in Toward a Better Understanding of Reactive Oxygen Species: The ROS linked to fat metabolism can arise partly from parallel effects, such as structural or functional perturbations and up-regulation of alternative ROS-producing enzymes (NOX, XO, COX, LOX, CYP2, etc.). I suppose that here we're mainly talking about excess PUFA loaded in adipocytes (AA cascade). When we stress or have a diet (fat loss). If we remain under 10 g PUFA/day, preferably 5-6 g, it would be OK. Edit: fine, the picture on ROS effects. (downloaded) ROS concentration & deleterious effects on cells. The next question is: What about when corn / soy food (from real food) is eaten, with LPS by-side load. Otherwise, it remains a theory. 1° In presence of ALA (thiol antioxidant) or a lipoprotection (A D3 K2 + vit E). 2° The same with aspirin or WWB. Parallel effects can also come from saturated fatty acids. Yet another example: Deleterious action of FA metabolites on ATP synthesis: possible link between lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance (Cyt c received fewer electrons overall, and pyruvate (oxaloacetate precursor) didn't normalize.) Impairing ATP synthesis limits electron consumption, which favors leakage from affected sites. On a related note, whether an imported fatty acid is saturated or not, the first stage of each β-oxidation cycle involves creating or dealing with an unsaturated intermediate (enoyl-CoA), and it's the hydrating reaction by enoyl-CoA hydratase* (ECH) that resolves the double bond by adding water, which also introduces the oxygen atoms that lack in fatty acids. *Synonym: unsaturated acyl-CoA hydratase This temporary double bond adds to any existing fatty acid double bonds outside of the segment being oxidized. After hydration, the NAD-dependent dehydrogenase (HADH) and the CoA-dependent thiolase (KAT) conclude a β-oxidation cycle. [image: 1770837140988-3a06059b-f0ac-452e-943e-35dceaf24dae-image.png] ⠀(10.1016/B978-0-12-382163-8.00022-0) Proper ECH activity relies on functional HADH and KAT, especially when the three enzymes form a supercomplex (the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, MTP) and work together to metabolize longer-chain fatty acids. Control of mitochondrial β-oxidation: sensitivity of the trifunctional protein to [NAD+]/[NADH] and [acetyl-CoA]/[CoA] Inhibitory effect of 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoAs and other long‐chain fatty acid β‐oxidation intermediates on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation Pathophysiology of fatty acid oxidation disorders and resultant phenotypic variability Despite the experiment suggesting that inhibition is unlikely at healthy NADH/NAD⁺ and acetyl-CoA/CoA ratios, any factor that compromises one enzyme can affect the others. Local ratio perturbations or failure of backup systems may still lead intermediates to accumulate, including enoyl-CoA (the supercomplex's primary substrate). Given that some enzymes related to β-oxidation generate ROS, enoyl-CoA accumulation might place this unsaturated intermediate near ROS sources and start lipid peroxidation that then spreads to other lipids, such as cardiolipin. But it's a speculation.

@alfredoolivas the purpose of PT-141 is specifically to increase NO similarly to the PDE5 inhibitors like sildenafil/tadalafil, and it seems to be great at doing that. The benefit of melanotan II would be the added tanning which would be good if that's what you're looking for with the androgenicity/GR antagonism as a bonus. I personally have no need for that extra NO but in small quantities I think it wouldn't be a problem unless there's evidence otherwise. For the "symptom free cushing" thing it appears that if there are truly no symptoms, then the actual cause could be a faulty test where it's getting triggered by something else or had some manufacturing defect. Actually, the fact that the result was off the charts with no symptoms and that this was one case drastically increases the probability of a testing error. I am so curious about MT II's tanning and androgenicity that I'm thinking of grabbing some vials and trying something like 50ug/d. Anybody else thinking the same?

@revenant Mine isn't yet. Some people have tested alphagels and it turned out to be testosterone, but in others it was actually DHT. Not throwing shade but I would be a little cautious. In general it is a good idea to test if you can afford it even for reputable vendors, like alphagels to be 100% sure.

@AL said in Vitamin E Source in Europe: You also have this one , mixed tocopherols. I tried this one. Had a pretty rancid taste. Didn't like it at all.

3 meals each with 100g of carb and 36g lean protein and 15g of fat give 2000calories a day and thats not even counting vegetable side dishes. so you're exaggerating on how low the calorie count of 500 if you eat clean. I would do 3 meals with 200-250g of veg per meal and some pineapple and eggshell. some c8/c10 mct oil might clean out the gut. your comment about how "all" the food around you has fuing st in it is hitting that you have some sort of neuroticism and thats probably causing more issues than a SIBO which will probably resolve after digestion speeds up.

@Milk-Destroyer it's been sold in the US long before Mexico